Guide to Costa Rican Spanish

Whether you like it or not the rainy season is now upon us. Anyone who lives here knows that in Costa Rica there are more rainy months than dry months. The rainy season or invierno, usually runs from May to November but this can vary from year to year. At times, there is an unseasonably dry spell or Indian summer at the end of June. The Costa Ricans call this pause in the rainy weather, Veranillo (de San Juan), or “little summer.” Some years there is a relatively dry period in August which is referred to as canícula when there is a respite in the May to November rains.

In Spanish there are a lot of words and expressions that have to do with water and rain. Here are some of them. Have fun with this.

A las aguas mansas hay que tenerles miedo – be careful of calm waters (literally). Beware of the meek and mild (figuratively).
Abril lluvioso, saca a mayo florido y hermoso – April showers bring May flowers
Agua bendita – a loose woman. Everyone sticks their hand in the holy water. Get it? Literally this means holy water.
Agua dulce – fresh water
Agua potable – drinking water
Agua salada – salt water
Agua de abajo depende de agua de arriba – upstream the cows piss in the water and downstream people drink it. The water downstream depends on the water upstream
Agua de lluvia – rain water
Aguas negras – sewage
Agua pasada no mueve molina – it’s no good crying over spilt milk. Also No llorar sobre la leche derramada.
Agua que no has de beber, dejalo correr – If you’re not going to drink the water than let it run. Other possible translation..You shouldn’t get mixed up in things that are of no interest to you or if you’re not going marry a person then let then him or her go.
Aguacero – a rain storm
Aguado – a boring person
Aguafiestas – party pooper, killjoy
Aguamar – jellyfish. Medusa is also used
Aguar la fiesta – to spoil the party
Ahogarse en un vaso de agua – to make a mountain out of a molehill
Baldazo – a heavy rain. Literally..a bucket full
Caerle como balde de agua fría – to not like something of someone. Me cae como balde de agua fría. You may also say me cae como una bomba. If you really want to be vulgar and insulting you can say “Me cae en la pura picha.” I do not recommend the latter if you value you life.
Cambiarle el agua al pajarito – to take a pee (change the bird’s water)
Cuando corren los canales, no salgas de tus umbrales – When it rains a lot, don’t leave the house.
Dar agua a los caites – to flee
Diluvio – a pouring rain
Echarse al agua – to take the plunge (figurative) or to tell on someone
En su charco – to do what one likes (in one’s pond)
Estar como agua para chocolate – to be mad or..estar hirviendo (boiling)
Estar con agua al cuello – to be up to one’s neck in something
Garuar – to drizzle in Costa Rica
¡Hombre al agua! – Man overboard!
Lo que por agua se viene y por agua se va – Easy come, easy go
Las desgracias nunca vienen solas – When it rains it pours
Las manos aguadas – butterfingers Manos de mantequilla is also used
Le va a llover – something is going to happen to you in abundance. Le va a llover dinero – You will make a lot of money.
Lo que por agua viene por agua se va – easy come, easy go
Llover a cántaros or llover zapos (toads) y ranas (frogs)– to rain cats and dogs.
Lloviznar – means to drizzle
Llueva o truene – come rain or shine
Lluvioso – rainy
Mañana oscura tarde segura – rainy weather in the morning gives way to a dry afternoon
Metérsele el agua – to go crazy
Nadar entre dos aguas – to be indecisive or to be sitting on the fence
No alcanzar para agua – to make ends meet or scrape by
No dar ni agua – to be very stingy
No hallar el agua en el mar – can’t see the forest through the trees
No te agüites – Don’t get sad!
Pasado por agua – soft boiled
Pelillo de gato – drizzle Llovizna is the correct Spanish word
Se me hace agua la boca – my mouth is watering
Venir como agua de mayo – to be a godsend

Antojar is a verb that has a variety of uses and is difficult for beginners to master. This should stat you on your way.

A su antojo – to do as one pleases
Example:
Quiero hacerlo a mi antojo – I want to do it my way

Antojar - to crave, to take a sudden fancy to; to Imagine
Example:
Se me antojó bastante dificil – I fancy it is it pretty difficult.
Se me antoja que va a llover – I’ve got imagine it is going to rain

Antojarsele a uno – to get into one’s head
Example:
Se me antojó ir a Costa Rica – I got it into my head to go to Costa Rica
No se le antoja ir – He doesn’t want to go

* The construction of the sentences in the examples above is much too difficult to explain to beginners.

Antojo – a whim or craving
Una mujer embarazada tiene muchos antojos raros– a pregnant woman has a lot of strange cravings

Antojos – can mean the same as antojitos below.
Antojitos - Snacks, hors d’oeuvres; traditional Mexican snack foods but also eaten in Costa Rica. Los Atojitos is the most famous and oldest chain of Mexican restaurants in Costa Rica.
Antojería – a restaurant that serves Mexican food.

Estar antojado – to want something

Expression of the week:

Si no te aclimatas, te aclichingas – If you don’t adapt, you will get screwed.
Al pueblo que fueres, haz lo vieres – When in Rome do as the Romans

In the April 10th edition of La Nación there was an article about the benefits of watching soap operas called telenovelas or culebrones. According to Jorge Ignacio Covarrubias, the secretary of North American Academy of the Spanish Language, telenovelas enrich and spread the Spanish language. They help increase the viewer’s vocabulary, teach new ways of saying things and improve channels of communication.

Telenovelas seem to be the opiate of the masses in Latin America. Most television stations show at least four to six of them per day. Spanish soap operas are even becoming popular in other countries where the are dubbed into different languages.

On thing is for sure. If you are serious about learning the Spanish language there is no better vehicle. Once you have a basic Spanish vocabulary you should be able to get the gist of what the characters are talking about in any soap opera. By watching telenovelas you will be exposed to dialogue from everyday conversations which is how the language is really spoken. Your ear for the language will aslo improve. The more soap operas you watch the better you will speak Spanish. Continue to use courses like the Rosetta Stone, www.livemocha.com and Pimsleur but supplement them with telenovelas.

Retirees and others who move to Costa Rica will discover learning Spanish is a life-long hobby and the most effective way to immerse themselves in the local culture.

In my column about Easter last week I forgot the Easter-related sayings or dichos below. Remember that la Pascua de Resurrección or la Pascua florida mean Easter in Spanish. By the way, la pascua de los hebreos is Passover.

Estar como unas pascuas or más alegre que unas pascuas – to be very happy
Hacerle la pascua a uno – to bother someone or make their life miserable
¡santas pascuas! – means …”and that’s that.” This is used when something is concluded. Aquí está su dinero..y ¡santas pascuas! Here is your money and that’s that.
De Pascuass a Ramos – means “once in a blue moon.”
Cada muerte de obispo is also means the same thing.

Tiquismos of the week:

Levantarse con el pie derecho: to get up with the right foot
Levantarse con el pie izquierdo: to get up with the left foot

Throughout much of the Spanish-speaking world including Costa Rica, there is no more important time of year than Holy Week. The week begins with Palm Sunday (el Domingo de Ramos), includes Good Friday (el Viernes Santo), and ends with Easter (la Pascua de Resurrección). Known as Semana Santa, the week marks the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem followed by his death and resurrection.

Unfortunately, Semana Santa has lost part of it’s true significance in Central America. Many people use this holiday as an excuse go to the beach to party and consume a lot of liquor. Even through Good Thursday and Friday are dry (la ley seca) people still stock up on their favorite spirits well in advance. As a result, scores of people die in car crashes, drownings and other alcohol-related incidents during Holy Week. Instead of Semana Santa some refer to the time of year as “La Semana de matanza,” or “the week of slaughter” because of the number of people who die tragically.

Easter Vocabulary

Ash Wednesday – el Miércoles de Ceniza
chocolate egg – el huevo de chocolate
Crucify – crucificar
Colored egg – el huevo de color
Crucifix – el Crucifijo
Decorated egg – huevo decorado
Easter – la Pascua
Easter basket – canasta de Pascua
Easter break – vacaciones de Semana Santa
Easter bunny – el conejito de Pascua
Easter egg – huevo de Pascua
Easter egg hunt – la búsqueda de huevos de Pascua
Easter Mass – la Misa de Pascua
Easter Saturday – Sábado Santo, Sábado de Gloria
Easter Sunday – el Domingo de Pascua, Domingo de Resurrección
Good Friday – Viernes Santo
Happy Easter Felices Pascuas
Holy Week Semana Santa
Lent Cuaresma
Palm Sunday – Domingo de Ramos
Passion of Christ – la Pasión de Cristo
Resurrection – la Resurrección

Tiquismos

I couldn’t resist including these egg-related expressions and Tiquismos. I hope they don’t offend anyone.
A puro huevo – with a lot of effort
Ahuevarse – to be come discouraged or disappointed
Cabeza de huevo – egghead
Lamehuevos – an as kisser (vulgar)
Hombre de pelo en pecho y huevos por derecho – a real man
Huevón – a lazy, useless person. It can also mean stupid.
Huevonada – something stupid
Huevos – eggs but can be a synonym for “balls” or testicles
Huevos pateados – scambled eggs. Huevos revueltos or picados are used more frequently
Huevos tibios – a coward (vulgar)
Huevo tierno – soft-boiled egg
Manda huevo que + the subjunctive tense means impossible, no way. Manda huevo que caiga nieve en Costa Rica. It’s impossible for snow to fall in Costa Rica (On rare occasions a little snow has fallen at the top the Cero de la Muerte)
Me cae en los huevos – I don’t like someone (vulgar)
Me tiene hasta los huevos – I am fed up with someone (very vulgar)
Meterse entre huevo y huevo – to have something on mind or be obsessed with something
No matar la gallina que pone los heuvos de oro – just like in English. “Don’t kill the hen (goose) that lays the golden eggs.”
¡No seas tan huevón !– Don’t be so stupid!
Poner todos los huevos en una canasta – to put all of one’s eggs in one basket. You can also say “Poner toda la carne en el asador.” (put all of the meat on the barbecue) or “Apostar todo a un caballo” (bet it all on one horse).
Tamaño huevón – a big man or boy (vulgar)
Tener a alguien de los huevos – to bother someone a lot (vulgar)
Tener los huevos bien puestos – to be brave (vulgar)
Tener los huevos por el cuello – to be scared (vulgar)
Tener los huevos rayados – to be brave

Saintly expressions

Alzarse con el santo y la limosna – to steal everything
Comerse los santos – to be a religious fanatic
Desnudar un santo para vestir a otro – to rob Peter to pay Paul
No ser santo de mi devoción – to not like someone or one’s cup of tea
Perder el santo y la limosna to lose everything
Se le va el santo al cielo – to forget something
Tener el santo de cara – to have good luck
Tener el santo de espalads – to have bad luck
Quedarse par vestir santos – to be an old maid